![]() ![]() Depending on the header height, cripples are sometimes located above the window extending from the header to the top plate. Because typical stud spacing is 16- or 24-inch on center and most windows and doors are wider than this, cripple studs are installed below window openings from the sill to the bottom plate in the location where a common stud would have been if the space had not been left open to accommodate the door or window. A saddle or sill is another horizontal piece that goes under the window opening and is nailed to the inside of each jack stud. The header rests on jack studs that are nailed in place next to the king stud on each side of the opening jack studs extend to the bottom plate of the wall. A header is a piece of framing installed horizontally directly above the door or window opening and extending to the king stud on each side of the opening. ![]() The full-length stud on each side of a door or window is called a king stud. The framing pieces that surround windows and doors include king, jack, and cripple studs, headers, and sills. For more about advanced framing, see Minimum Wall Studs. Advanced framing techniques should be specified in the framer’s contract. Building Science Corporation found savings of up to $1,000 per home in materials and labor were possible for production builders who used a combination of several advanced framing techniques ( Lstiburek and Grin 2010). ![]() By using advanced framing techniques, builders can reduce the amount of lumber used and save money as well. Adding more studs than necessary wastes lumber and reduces the wall’s thermal resistance because the lumber blocks cavity space that could be filled with insulation and because each stud represents a thermal bridge that can transfer heat between the interior and exterior of the building.īuilding scientists estimate that standard stud construction may use 5% to 10% more board feet of lumber than necessary and add up to 30% more pieces of lumber than needed ( Lstiburek 2010). Window and door openings should have no more than one pair of king studs, one pair of jack studs, and the minimum number of cripple studs needed to maintain on-center spacing of studs. In stud-framed walls, extra studs are often installed around windows and doors, even when they are not needed to bear structural loads. ![]()
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